miércoles, 21 de marzo de 2012

Ordem de palavras


:

A. SUJEITO+VERBO  + OBJETO + COMPLEMENTOS


CORRETO.
INCORRETO
We like pizza very much
We like very much pizza
I don´t speak English very well
I don´t speak very well English



  • Com advérbios de freqüência a ordem muda. Com qualquer verbo (menos com verbo "ser"), segue-se a seguinte ordem

B. SUJEITO + ADVERBIO + VERBO + OBJETO + COMPLEMENTOS


CORRETO
INCORRETO
I usually wear jeans to go to school
I wear jeans usually to go to school
My mother doesn´t always go shopping .
My mother doesn´t go shopping always


  • Com o verbo TO BE a ordem muda :

C. SUJEITO + TO BE+ ADVERBIO + COMPLEMENTOS


CORRETO
INCORRETO
My father is never at home. He travels a lot.
My father never is at home. He travels a lot.
The teacher is always asking me questions
The teacher always is asking me questions


Neste caso, foi generalizado o verbo ser  pela aplicação da regra acima.
·         Existem outras expressões adverbiais de freqüência que estão localizadas no final da frase, once a week, twice a month , every day 

CORRETO
INCORRETO
We go to Poland every weekend
We every weekend go Poland
I go to the gym twice a week
I twice a week go to the gym


Em frases interrogativas com o verbo to be  a ordem é a seguinte: 








D. VERBOS COM PARTÍCULA


  • O objeto dos verbos frasais aceitar várias posições.


CORRETO
INCORRETO
EXPLICAÇÃO
I tried a sweater on.
I tried it on
I tried on a sweater
I tried on it
O objeto pronome não pode ir para a final após a partícula
Turn the lights on
Turn them on
Turn on the lights
Turn on them
O objeto pronome não pode ir para a final após a partícula


sábado, 4 de febrero de 2012

Mandar ou querer alguem fazer alguma coisa


Querer fazer algo.
O sujeito é quem quer, e é pronome pessoal.

I would like to kiss you. Eu gostaría de te beijar.
I want to kiss you. Quero te beijar.
Nao use ‘muito’ adicionado a essas frases. I’d like a lot to kiss her
I want to fuck her/you/him. Eu quero comer ela/você/ ele.
 She wants to give me a book. Ela quer me dar um livro.
A acçao desejada é expressada  mediante infinitivo com to

He wants to help her. Ele quer a ajudar.

Querer que alguem faça alguma coisa.
 Esse alguem debe ser pronome objeto
He wants her to phone his mum. Ele quer que ela ligue para a mai dele.

Would you like to see me? Gostaria de me ver?
No, I’d rather you phone me. Não, prefiro você  me ligar( Na fala deve acentuar  you e me)
Ordem direta
Go away! Vai!!
Talk to me ! Me fale!

Exemplos
He told me to phone the boss and explain to him what had happened.
Ele me pidiú para eu chamar ao chefe e lhe explicar tudo o que tinha contecido.


I want him to come here inmediately
Eu quero que ele venha aqui de inmediato.





diferenças entre say, tell, talk e speak



·        tell  somebody something:               sempre sem to.
(dizer algo para alguem tell + objeto.indireto + o que ):  primeiro a pessoa, depois a coisa .

He told her the story. Ele falou/ contou a histôria para ela.

·        No confundir ese tell com o de dar ordens (dizer para alguem fazaer alguma coisa)        
He told her to bring him coffee. Ese to es parte del infinitivo y no se omite.
Falar en general……….say
falar para alguem……tell sem to  say to + pr. complemento (me, you, him, her, us, them)


Ex. falou muita merda (geral)……   said a lot of bullshit
                                                      talked a lot of bullshit
Máis exemplos


fala muito .……………..        talks too much (crítica da fala, talk)
falei com ela…………….       talked to her

fala (muito) bem ……….        speaks very well (qualidade da fala,speak)
falou triste………………       spoke sadly
falou muito rapido………      spoke very fast 
                                             talked very fast
        
falou para mim…………         told me (para quem se fala)
said to me (o que se disse ,omitindo para quem )
ele contou de ……………      told of (narrar)
spoke of ( falar sobre)




Condicionais Tipo Mixto

 Conditional sentences: mixed types  
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses. 
  1. If you (find) a skeleton in the cellar don't mention it to anyone.
  2. If you pass your examination we (have) a celebration.
  3. What (happen) if I press this button?
  4. I should have voted for her if I (have) a vote then.
  5. If you go to Paris where you (stay)?
  6. If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose)?
  7. The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) thick.
  8. If the milkman (come) tell him to leave two pints.
  9. Someone (sit) on your glasses if you leave them there.
  10. You would play better bridge if you (not talk) so much.
  11. What I (do) if I hear the burglar alarm?
  12. If you (read) the instructions carefully you wouldn't have answered the wrong question.
  13. I could repair the roof myself if I (have) a long ladder.
14 Unless they turn that radio off I (go) mad.
15 If you were made redundant what you (do)?
16 We'll have a long way to walk if we (run) out of petrol here. 
17 If you shake that bottle of port it (not be) fit to drink.
18 I'll probably get lost unless he (come) with me.
19 You (not have) so many accidents if you drove more slowly.
20 If you (wear) a false beard nobody would have recognized you.
21 If she (leave) the fish there the car will get it.
22 Unless they leave a lamp beside that hole in the road somebody into it.
23 You'll get pneumonia if you (not change) your wet clothes.
24 If I had known that you couldn't eat octopus I (not buy) it.
25 If they (hang) that picture lower people would be able to see it.
26 She (be able) to walk faster if her shoes hadn't such high heels.
27 I (bring) you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty.
28 If you had touched that electric cable you (be) electrocuted.
      29 If the story hadn't been true the newspaper (not print) it.
      30 I (not buy) things on the instalment system if I were you.
      31 Dial 999 if you (want) Police, Ambulance, or Fire Brigade.
      32 You (not be) any use to me unless you learn to type.
      33 If anyone attacked me, my dog (jump) at his throat.
      34 If he were in he (answer) the phone.
      35 The ship would have run aground if the pilot (make) one mistake.
      36 I shouldn't have taken your umbrella if I (know) that it was the only one you had.
66 Conditional sentences: mixed types
PEG 221-6  (sol page 115)
Finish these sentences, taking care to use the correct tenses.
1 If he had taken my advice . . .
2 If you ate less . . .
3 We'll send for the doctor if . . .
4 If she practised more . . .
5 If there isn't enough wine in that bottle . . .
6 If you had checked the petrol before we started . . .
7 This clock wouldn't have run down if . . .
8 Try on the blue one if . . .
9 If these gates are locked . . .
10 If we leave before breakfast . . .
11 If the river rises any higher . . .
12 Her life might have been saved if . . .
13 If the volcano starts erupting ...
14 The grass would look better if . . .
15 Unless it is a nice day . . .
16 If you don't put enough stamps on a letter, the person who gets it . . .
17 He would lend it to you if . . .
18 Unless this hotel gets another cook . . .
19 If the storm becomes worse . . .
20 If your uncle sees you . . .
21 If you tried to climb it without a guide . . .
22 If you didn't shake the camera so much, your photographs . . .
23 I'd have brought my coat . . .
24 If (=as) you don't like the picture . . .
25 He would have given her diamonds if . . .
26 If you had asked his permission . . . 
27 If the fire had been noticed earlier . . .
28 If you had any sense . . .
29 You would have been angry if . . .
30 If he had put the flowers into water at once . . .
31 I should have ordered more coal if . . .
32 If you leave the gate open . . .
33 You will have to go to the dentist if . . .
34 He would have been drowned if . . .
35 If I'd had a car . . .
36 If Tom rings while I'm out . . .

67 Mixed tenses and verb forms
PEG 221-6, 283-4 (sol page 116)
Conditional forms are used in requests. Fill the gaps in the following dialogue with a suitable verb form.
Telephone conversation . 1 Ann: .. .I... to Mr Wash, please?
2 Wash: Wash . . .
3 Ann: Good morning, Mr Wash. This is Ann Jones of 10 Cyprus Road. . . . you come and . . . my windows one Saturday this month?
4 Wash: I'm afraid 1... (negative). The next six Saturdays are ahead booked.
5 But I... ...on Wednesday morning.
6 Ann: . . . you . . . very early on Wednesday? I leave at 8.15 on weekdays.
7 Wash: I... ...to you by 8.30. . . . that be early enough?
8 Ann: No, it ...! There . . . be nobody to let you in. I... the flat at 8.15.
9 Wash: Oh 8.15! 1... you... 8.30!
10 Well, I suppose 1... ...to you by 8.00 as you're an old customer. But I . . . (negative) . . . a habit of it.
11 It means . . . breakfast at 6 and my wife . . . (negative) that.
12 She . . . always . . . to persuade me to give up window— . . . as it. She . . . it's dangerous.
13 Ann: What . . . she . . . you . . . instead?
14 Wash: Her father has a shop and she... ...me... ...in it.
15 She ...it... be a nice steady job with regular hours,
16 And if 1... in a shop she ... ... where I was.
17 Ann: And . . . you really . , . of giving it up?
18 Wash: No, I . . . the life. At least, I . . . it in summer.
19 Besides, I ... ... bored working in a shop.